EEG–EMG, MEG–EMG and EMG–EMG frequency analysis: physiological principles and clinical applications
The fact that muscle discharge tends to be rhythmic has been known for 200 years. William Wollaston, using a precursor of the stethoscope, was the first to describe this in 1810 (Wollaston, 1810). He determined the rhythm to be in the beta band by comparing the pitch of the sound picked up over his muscles with that from a horse drawn carriage driven over the cobbled streets of London at different speeds
CONCLUSION
The fact that muscle discharge tends to be rhythmic has been known for 200 years. William Wollaston, using a precursor of the stethoscope, was the first to describe this in 1810 (Wollaston, 1810). He determined the rhythm to be in the beta band by comparing the pitch of the sound picked up over his muscles with that from a horse drawn carriage driven over the cobbled streets of London at different speeds. A century later, the pioneering German neurophysiologist, Hans Piper, delineated a further modulation of motor unit discharge in the low gamma band, at around 40 Hz (Piper, 1907, Piper, 1912). However, it was not until the early 1990s that the first evidence emerged supporting a central origin for motor unit synchronisation in humans (McLachlan and Leung, 1991, Farmer et al., 1993) and other primates (Murthy and Fetz, 1992, Murthy and Fetz, 1996a, Murthy and Fetz, 1996b, Sanes and Donoghue, 1993).
CONCLUSION
The fact that muscle discharge tends to be rhythmic has been known for 200 years. William Wollaston, using a precursor of the stethoscope, was the first to describe this in 1810 (Wollaston, 1810). He determined the rhythm to be in the beta band by comparing the pitch of the sound picked up over his muscles with that from a horse drawn carriage driven over the cobbled streets of London at different speeds. A century later, the pioneering German neurophysiologist, Hans Piper, delineated a further modulation of motor unit discharge in the low gamma band, at around 40 Hz (Piper, 1907, Piper, 1912). However, it was not until the early 1990s that the first evidence emerged supporting a central origin for motor unit synchronisation in humans (McLachlan and Leung, 1991, Farmer et al., 1993) and other primates (Murthy and Fetz, 1992, Murthy and Fetz, 1996a, Murthy and Fetz, 1996b, Sanes and Donoghue, 1993).